Recent versions of macOS now use zsh as the default command line shell. I typically use the bash shell on Linux servers, so I prefer using it on my Mac. However, zsh is a very good shell to use, especially for interactive use.

This post is going to describe how to switch from the zsh shell to the bash shell.

Before Starting

You should be familiar with using the macOS Terminal command line.

I have been creating a Website Development Environment on my Mac, which is currently running macOS Sonoma. I have added a MAMP (LAMP when running on Linux) stack to support various website development tools, such as WordPress. A MAMP stack is based on the macOS operating system, the Apache 2 web server, the MySQL database management system, and the PHP scripting language. You can easily install a MAMP stack by installing a MAMP App as described by the WordPress Codex, Installing WordPress Locally on Your Mac with MAMP . However, I chose to manually install my MAMP stack because I wanted to learn more about the technology.

This post describes how to install and configure Apache and PHP-FPM to create a macOS local web development environment. I also describe how to use Dnsmasq, which adds a local DNS caching server to support using virtual hosts.

I am using Homebrew to install most of the software. Please go to their site for installation instructions.

This post is just about Apache, PHP, and Dnsmasq; I wrote about MySQL in a separate post. In this post, I also describe some tools that I wrote to manage Apache, PHP, and dnsmasq processes.

I am going to show you show you how I use SSH to log into a Linux server from macOS. I am going to use my Pair Networks shared host as an example. I like having shell access to my web host, which is one of the great features that Pair offers. In addition to SSH, you can also use scp to transfer files. Once you have set up SSH, scp should work automatically if you so desire to use it. By setup, I mean being able to log in to the server without having to enter a password every time.

This post describes how I configured Postfix on my Mac to relay outbound email via my Pair Networks SMTP service.

Why? I am creating a local website development environment where PHP applications may generate email messages for contact forms or notifications. For example, after installing WordPress, it generates an email message announcing a successful install. However, I can use the built-in mail command to run a simple test to verify that my send-only mail service is working.

This is a followup post to my earlier Configure Apache and PHP-FPM on macOS post. With the addition of MySQL to my Mac website development environment, I can now install Content Management Systems, such as WordPress that require a database system to function. My original post supports static website development (for example, Grav ). My current website host, Pair Networks , uses MySQL versions 8.x. I am creating a similar environment on my Mac. My Altoplace website uses MySQL 8.x, so this post will describe using MySQL 8.x.